I. Abada, S. A. Gabriel, V. Briat, and O. Massol, A Generalized Nash-Cournot Model for the Northwestern European Natural Gas Markets with a Fuel Substitution Demand Function: The GaMMES Model, Networks and Spatial Economics, vol.13, issue.1, pp.1-42, 2013.

J. Abrell and S. Rausch, Cross-Country Electricity Trade, Renewable Energy and European Transmission Infrastructure Policy, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, vol.79, pp.87-113, 2016.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.2713900

URL : https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/171672/1/wp-16-229.pdf

S. T. Anderson, Economics, Helium, and the U.S. Federal Helium Reserve: Summary and Outlook, Natural Resources Research, pp.1-23, 2017.

V. Brock, CO 2 Sourcing Update. Communication presented at the 20 th Annual CO 2 Flooding Conference, 2014.

J. B. Bushnell, A Mixed Complementarity Model of Hydrothermal Electricity Competition in the Western United States, Operations Research, vol.51, issue.1, pp.80-93, 2003.

Z. Cai, R. H. Clarke, B. A. Glowacki, W. J. Nuttall, and N. Ward, Ongoing ascent to the helium production plateau-Insights from system dynamics, Resources Policy, vol.35, issue.2, pp.77-89, 2010.

. Cedigaz, 2035 LNG Outlook. Cedigaz, the International Association for Natural Gas Information, 2016.

R. Cottle, J. Pang, and R. E. Stone, The Linear Complementarity Problem, 1992.

P. Dasgupta and G. Heal, Economic theory and exhaustible resources, 1979.

E. Dockner, S. Jørgensen, N. V. Long, and G. Sorger, Differential games in economics and management science, 2000.
DOI : 10.1017/cbo9780511805127

S. P. Dirkse and M. C. Ferris, The PATH solver: A non-monotone stabilization scheme for mixed complementarity problems, Optimization Methods and Software, vol.5, issue.2, pp.123-156, 1995.

R. Egging, S. A. Gabriel, F. Holz, and J. Zhuang, A complementarity model for the European natural gas market, Energy Policy, vol.36, issue.7, pp.2385-2414, 2008.

, Annual Energy Outlook. Energy Information Administration, EIA, 2016.

D. Epple and L. Lave, Helium: Investments in the Future, The Bell Journal of Economics, vol.11, issue.2, pp.617-630, 1980.

D. Epple and L. Lave, The Helium Storage Controversy: Modeling Natural Resource Supply, American Scientist, vol.70, issue.3, pp.286-293, 1982.

L. Fan, B. F. Hobbs, and C. S. Norman, Risk aversion and CO 2 regulatory uncertainty in power generation investment: Policy and modeling implications, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, vol.60, issue.3, pp.193-208, 2010.

M. C. Ferris and T. S. Munson, Complementarity problems in GAMS and the PATH solver, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, vol.24, issue.2, pp.165-188, 2000.

S. A. Gabriel, S. Kiet, and J. Zhuang, A Mixed Complementarity-Based Equilibrium Model of Natural Gas Markets, Operations Research, vol.53, issue.5, pp.799-818, 2005.

S. A. Gabriel, A. J. Conejo, J. D. Fuller, B. F. Hobbs, and C. Ruiz, Complementarity Modeling in Energy Markets. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 2012.

S. A. Gabriel, K. E. Rosendahl, R. Egging, H. G. Avetisyan, and S. Siddiqui, Cartelization in gas markets: Studying the potential for a "Gas OPEC, Energy Economics, vol.34, issue.1, pp.137-152, 2012.

. Gasworld, The Helium market in 2015, vol.116, pp.36-37, 2015.

. Gasworld, Helium: a market update, vol.128, pp.38-41, 2016.

B. A. Glowacki, W. J. Nuttall, and R. H. Clarke, Beyond the helium conundrum, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol.23, issue.3, p.500113, 2013.

J. M. Griffin and D. J. Teece, Opec Behaviour and World Oil Prices, 1982.

C. Haftendorn and F. Holz, Modeling and Analysis of the International Steam Coal Trade, The Energy Journal, vol.31, issue.4, pp.205-229, 2010.

A. Haurie, J. B. Brawczyk, and G. Zaccour, Games and Dynamic Games, 2012.

F. Holz, C. Von-hirschhausen, and C. Kemfert, A strategic model of European gas supply (GASMOD), Energy Economics, vol.30, issue.3, pp.766-788, 2008.

A. M. Hughey, Uncertainty and the joint extraction of helium and natural gas, Resources and Energy, vol.11, issue.1, pp.65-79, 1989.

A. M. Hughey, Joint Natural Resources and Government Policy: Helium and Natural Gas, Eastern Economic Journal, vol.17, issue.1, pp.80-88, 1991.

D. Huppmann and F. Holz, Crude oil market power-a shift in recent years?, The Energy Journal, vol.33, issue.4, pp.1-23, 2012.

, Chemical Economics Handbook-Helium, IHS, 2014.

T. C. Koopmans, Economics among the Sciences, American Economic Review, vol.69, issue.1, pp.1-13, 1979.

W. Lise, J. Sijm, and B. F. Hobbs, The Impact of the EU ETS on Prices, Profits and Emissions in the Power Sector: Simulation Results with the COMPETES EU20 Model, 2010.

, US Producers' Surplus 9, vol.250, p.4

, Delayed Russian Consumer Surplus 106, vol.161, p.739

, US Producers' Surplus 9, vol.738, pp.777-780

, Slow demand growth Ambitious Russian Consumer Surplus, vol.106, pp.9-237

, BLM's Surplus 780, vol.2

, Foreign Producers' Surplus 11,596.8 11, vol.11, pp.447-448

, Foreign Producers' Surplus, vol.12, issue.7, pp.984-992

, Social Welfare, vol.123

, Note: These figures are the net present values measured over the first 26 years using a social discount rate of 3 percent. The figures in bold in the columns BLM Model II indicate a value higher than the one obtained with the BLM Model I

, CN: China; PL: Poland; CO-1: Colorado 1; KS: Kansas, NM: New Mexico; WY-1: Wyoming, vol.1

, Utah 1

, These cost data are based on detailed cost-engineering studies available at IFP Energies Nouvelles-a French public R&D center focused on geoscience and chemical engineering-and have been double-checked by industry contacts. These values reflect a variety of factors including helium concentration in the source gas, the chemical composition of the feed gas, the separation technology, the plant's design, and its location. (a) The large cost of that plant is explained by the costly nature of the feed gas used for that, HP-1 to HP-4: Hugoton-Panhandle 1 to 4