E. Alméras, C. Plais, F. Euzenat, F. Risso, V. Roig et al., Scalar mixing in bubbly flows: Experimental investigation and diffusivity modelling, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.140, pp.114-122, 2016.

E. Alméras, F. Risso, V. Roig, S. Cazin, C. Plais et al., Mixing by bubble-induced turbulence, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.776, pp.458-474, 2015.

G. Besagni, A. Di-pasquali, L. Gallazzini, E. Gottardi, L. P. Colombo et al., The effect of aspect ratio in countercurrent gas-liquid bubble columns: Experimental results and gas holdup correlations, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol.94, pp.53-78, 2017.

G. Besagni, L. Gallazzini, and F. Inzoli, On the scale-up criteria for bubble columns, 2018.
DOI : 10.1016/j.petlm.2017.12.005

URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2017.12.005

J. Boussinesq, Théorie de l'´ ecoulement tourbillonnant et tumultueux des liquides dans les lits rectilignes a grande section, 1897.

A. G. Bridge, L. Lapidus, and J. C. Elgin, The mechanics of vertical gas-liquid fluidized system i: Countercurrent flow', American Institute of, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.10, issue.6, pp.819-826, 1964.

A. D. Burns, T. Frank, I. Hamill, and J. M. Shi, The favre averaged drag model for turbulent dispersion in eulerian multi-phase flows, 5th International Conference on Multiphase Flow, 2004.

L. F. Burns and R. G. Rice, Circulation in bubble columns, American Institute of Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.43, issue.6, pp.1390-1402, 1997.

H. Chaumat, A. Billet, and H. Delmas, Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in bubble column: Influence of liquid phase surface tension, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.62, pp.7378-7390, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ces.2007.08.077

R. Clift, J. Grace, and M. Weber, Bubbles, Drops, and Particles, 1978.

K. Ekambara, M. T. Dhotre, and J. B. Joshi, CFD simulations of bubble column reactors: 1D, 2D and 3D approach, vol.60, pp.6733-6746, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ces.2005.05.047

D. F. Fletcher, D. D. Mcclure, J. M. Kavanagh, and G. W. Barton, CFD simulation of industrial bubble columns: Numerical challenges and model validation successes, Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol.44, pp.25-42, 2017.

A. Forret, Hydrodynamics scale-up of slurry bubble columns, 2003.

L. Gemello, C. Plais, F. Augier, A. Cloupet, and D. Marchisio, Hydrodynamics and bubble size in bubble columns: Effects of contaminants and spargers, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.184, pp.93-102, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01899599

J. Grace, T. Wairegi, and T. H. Nguyen, Shapes and velocities of single drops and bubbles moving freely through immiscible liquids, vol.54, pp.167-173, 1976.

G. R. Guédon, G. Besagni, and F. Inzoli, Prediction of gasliquid flow in an annular gap bubble column using a bi-dispersed eulerian model, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.161, pp.138-150, 2017.

M. Hlawitschka, P. Kovts, K. Zhringer, and H. Bart, Simulation and experimental validation of reactive bubble column reactors, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.170, pp.306-319, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ces.2016.12.053

M. Ishii and N. Zuber, Drag coefficient and relative velocity in bubbly, droplet or particulate flows, American Institute of Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.25, issue.5, pp.843-855, 1979.
DOI : 10.1002/aic.690250513

H. A. Jakobsen, H. Lindborg, and C. A. Dorao, Modeling of bubble column reactors: progress and limitations, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.44, issue.14, pp.5107-5151, 2005.
DOI : 10.1021/ie049447x

J. Joshi, Computational flow modelling and design of bubble column reactors, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.56, issue.21, pp.5893-5933, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/s0009-2509(01)00273-1

Y. Kawase and M. Moo-young, Turbulence intensity in bubble columns, vol.40, pp.55-58, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0300-9467(89)80044-9

G. Li, X. Yang, and G. Dai, CFD simulation of effects of the configuration of gas distributors on gas-liquid flow and mixing in a bubble column, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.64, issue.24, pp.5104-5116, 2009.

D. D. Mcclure, T. P. Dolton, G. W. Barton, D. F. Fletcher, and J. M. Kavanagh, Hydrodynamics and mixing in airlift contactors: Experimental work and CFD modelling, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, vol.127, pp.154-169, 2017.

D. D. Mcclure, J. M. Kavanagh, D. F. Fletcher, and G. W. Barton, Development of a CFD model of bubble column bioreactors: Part one-A detailed experimental study, Chemical Engineering & Technology, vol.36, issue.12, pp.2065-2070, 2013.

D. D. Mcclure, J. M. Kavanagh, D. F. Fletcher, and G. W. Barton, Experimental investigation into the drag volume fraction correction term for gas-liquid bubbly flows, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.170, pp.91-97, 2017.

D. D. Mcclure, H. Norris, J. M. Kavanagh, D. F. Fletcher, and G. W. Barton, Validation of a computationally efficient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for industrial bubble column bioreactors, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.53, issue.37, pp.14526-14543, 2014.

D. D. Mcclure, C. Wang, J. M. Kavanagh, D. F. Fletcher, and G. W. Barton, Experimental investigation into the impact of sparger design on bubble columns at high superficial velocities, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, vol.106, pp.205-213, 2016.

T. Miyauchi and C. Shyu, Flow of fluid in gas bubble columns, Kagaku Kogaku, vol.34, issue.9, pp.958-964, 1970.

E. Paul, V. Atiemo-obeng, and S. Kresta, Handbook of Industrial Mixing: Science and Practice, 2004.

D. Pfleger and S. Becker, Modeling and simulation of the dynamic flow behavior in a bubble column, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.56, pp.1737-1747, 2001.

P. M. Raimundo, Analysis and modelization of local hydrodynamics in bubble columns, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01267349

P. M. Raimundo, A. Cartellier, D. Beneventi, A. Forret, and F. Augier, A new technique for in-situ measurements of bubble characteristics in bubble columns operated in the heterogeneous regime, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.155, pp.504-523, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01451421

I. Roghair, Y. M. Lau, N. G. Deen, H. M. Slagter, M. W. Baltussen et al., On the drag force of bubbles in bubble swarms at intermediate and high reynolds numbers, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.66, pp.3204-3211, 2011.

H. Rusche and R. Issa, The effect of voidage on the drag force on particles, droplets and bubbles in dispersed two-phase flow, in '2nd Japanese European Two-Phase Flow Meeting, 2000.

R. Rzehak and E. Krepper, CFD modeling of bubble-induced turbulence, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol.55, pp.138-155, 2013.

S. Sasaki, K. Hayashi, and A. Tomiyama, Effects of liquid height on gas holdup in air-water bubble column, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, vol.72, pp.67-74, 2016.

S. Sasaki, K. Uchida, K. Hayashi, and A. Tomiyama, Effects of column diameter and liquid height on gas holdup in airwater bubble columns, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, vol.82, pp.359-366, 2017.

Y. T. Shah, B. G. Kelkar, S. P. Godbole, and W. Deckwer, Design parameters estimations for bubble column reactors', AIChE Journal, vol.28, issue.3, pp.353-379, 1982.

A. Shaikh and M. Al-dahhan, Scale-up of bubble column reactors: A review of current state-of-the-art, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.52, issue.24, pp.8091-8108, 2013.

M. Simonnet, C. Centric, E. Olmos, and N. Midoux, CFD simulation of the flow field in a bubble column reactor: Importance of the drag force formulation to describe regime transitions, Chemical Engineering and Processing, vol.47, pp.1726-1737, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00301071

R. M. Sugrue, A robust momentum closure approach for multiphase computational fluid dynamics applications, 2017.

M. V. Tabib, S. A. Roy, and J. B. Joshi, CFD simulation of bubble column-An analysis of interphase forces and turbulence models, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.139, issue.3, pp.589-614, 2008.

A. Tomiyama, Struggle with computational bubble dynamics, Multiphase Science and Technology, vol.10, issue.4, p.369, 1998.

A. Vaidheeswaran and M. L. De-bertodano, Stability and convergence of computational eulerian two-fluid model for a bubble plume, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.160, pp.210-226, 2017.

G. B. Wallis, One-dimensional two-phase flow, 1969.

P. M. Wilkinson, A. P. Spek, and L. L. Van-dierendonck, Design parameters estimation for scale-up of high pressure bubble column, vol.38, pp.544-554, 1992.

J. Xue, Bubble velocity, size and interfacial area measurements in bubble columns, 2004.

W. Yao and C. Morel, Volumetric interfacial area prediction in upward bubbly two-phase flow, vol.47, pp.307-328, 2004.

D. Zhang, Eulerian modeling of reactive gas-liquid flow in a bubble column, 2007.

D. Zhang, N. G. Deen, and J. A. Kuipers, Numerical simulation of dynamic flow behavior in a bubble column: A study of closures for turbulence and interface forces, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.61, pp.7593-7608, 2006.