M. Scholl, S. Ding, C. W. Lee, R. H. Grubbs, O. Lett et al., Complex 4a: c), Complex Organometallics J. Am. Chem. Soc. Complex J. Org. Chem. Eur. J. Org. Chem, vol.1, issue.4, pp.73-4225, 1999.

M. Samoj?owicz, K. Bieniek, and . Grela, -Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands, Chemical Reviews, vol.109, issue.8, p.3708, 2009.
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O. Briel and C. S. Cazin, N-Heterocycle Carbene Complexes in Industrial Processes, in N-Heterocycle Carbenes in Transition Metal Catalysis and Organocatalysis

T. B. Hamad, S. Sun, F. Xiao, and . Verpoort, 41, 8215; b) For a special review on unsymmetrical NHCs-Ru complexes, see: F, Dalton Trans. Coord. Chem. Rev, 2012.

B. Linden, H. V. Allaert, F. Mierde, A. Verpoort, L. Fürstner et al., h) For Ru-indenylidene complexes bearing saturated unsymmetrical NHCs, see, Adv. Synth. Catal. Chem. Eur. J. Organometallics Organometallics Chem. Eur. J. Organometallics, vol.25, issue.14, pp.7545-7576, 1692.

K. Endo, R. H. Grubbs, J. K. Am-b-)-b, K. Keitz, P. R. Endo et al., 134, 693. 10 The flexibility around the metal brought by cycloalkyl N-substituents on symmetrical diaminocarbene ligands has proved to be highly beneficial in cross-coupling reactions involving sterically-demanding substrates, see for instance: a) 11 This low cost process leading to various (a)chiral Unsymmetrical Unsaturated (U 2 )-NHC precursors and their conversion to various Transition-Metal NHC-complexes were recently reported by our group, see, Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. J. Am. Chem. Soc. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Organometallics Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Chem. Commun. J. Org. Chem. Chem. Eur. J, vol.133, issue.6301, pp.52-601, 1999.

E. Benhamou, G. Chardon, S. Lavigne, V. Bellemin-laponnaz, and . César, 14 For a review dealing with the synthetic routes of NHC precursors, see: L, Chem. Rev, 2011.

A. Ritter, A. G. Hejl, T. W. Wenzel, R. H. Funk, and . Grubbs, The synergy effect between the NHC and the chelating benzylidene-ether leaving ligand on the initiation step was recently studied by our group, see ref, Organometallics, vol.3, 2006.

S. H. Hong, M. W. Day, and R. H. Grubbs, Decomposition of a Key Intermediate in Ruthenium-Catalyzed Olefin Metathesis Reactions, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.126, issue.24, pp.7414-53, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/ja0488380